{"id":52,"date":"2022-09-22T10:00:00","date_gmt":"2022-09-22T09:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/192.168.1.200:60351\/?page_id=52"},"modified":"2025-03-12T09:24:40","modified_gmt":"2025-03-12T09:24:40","slug":"glossary","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/osow-suffolk.co.uk\/?page_id=52","title":{"rendered":"Glossary"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Below is a brief glossary of terms linked to climate literacy and the conceptual development framework<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>Adaptation<br \/>\n<\/strong>The process in which a living thing changes slightly over time to be able to continue to exist in a particular environment. Climate change adaptation means altering our behavior, systems and sometimes ways of life to protect our families, economies and the environment from the impacts of climate change. The more we reduce emissions right now, the easier it will be to adapt to the changes we can no longer avoid<\/p>\n<p><strong>Anthropocene<\/strong><br \/>\nThe current geological age, where human activity has been the dominant influence on climate and the environment<\/p>\n<p><strong>Atmosphere<\/strong><br \/>\nThe mixture of gases around the earth<\/p>\n<p><strong>Biodiversity<\/strong><br \/>\nThe number and types of plants and animals that exist in a particular area or in the world generally<\/p>\n<p><strong>Biosphere<\/strong><br \/>\nThe part of the earth\u2019s atmosphere where life exists<\/p>\n<p><strong>Blue Carbon<\/strong><br \/>\nCarbon stored via ocean ecosystems eg mangroves, salt marshes and seagrasses<\/p>\n<p><strong>Carbon<\/strong><br \/>\nThe chemical element that exists in its pure form as diamond or graphite and is an important part of other substances such as coal and oil as well as being contained in all plants and animals<\/p>\n<p><strong>Carbon Cycle<\/strong><br \/>\nThe continuous movement of carbon between different living organisms on earth, and between living organisms and the environment, through natural processes like photosynthesis, respiration and de-composition in the soil, and the burning of fossil fuels<\/p>\n<p><strong>Carbon Dioxide<\/strong><br \/>\nThe gas formed when carbon is burned or when people and animals breathe out<\/p>\n<p><strong>Carbon Drawdown<\/strong><br \/>\nAka carbon removal (CDR) is the process of capturing CO2 from the atmosphere and locking it away for decades or centuries in plants, soils, oceans, rocks, saline aquifers, depleted oil wells or long-lived produces like cement<\/p>\n<p><strong>Carbon Emissions<\/strong><br \/>\nCarbon dioxide that planes, cars, factories etc produce, thought to be harmful to the environment<\/p>\n<p><strong>Carbon Footprint<\/strong><br \/>\nA measure of the amount of carbon dioxide a person\u2019s activities produce<\/p>\n<p><strong>Carbon Offsetting<\/strong><br \/>\nA way of paying for others to reduce emissions or absorb CO2 to compensate for your own emissions eg planting trees, delivering energy efficient stoves to developing countries. There is plenty debate around the issues surrounding offsetting which doesn\u2019t cancel out emissions to which it\u2019s linked<\/p>\n<p><strong>Carbon Sink<\/strong><br \/>\nAnything natural, or otherwise, that accumulates and stores some carbon-containing compounds for an indefinite time, removing car-bon from the atmosphere. Examples include soil, trees, peat, salt marsh, kelp, mangroves<\/p>\n<p><strong>Climate<\/strong><br \/>\nThe general weather conditions usually found in a particular place<\/p>\n<p><strong>Climate Change<\/strong><br \/>\nChanges in the world\u2019s weather (heat and rain) as a result of human activity increasing the level of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere, resulting in more frequent extreme weather events , eg heatwaves, storms, droughts, fires<\/p>\n<p><strong>Climate Debt \/ Reparation<\/strong><br \/>\nThe debt said to be owed to developing countries by developing countries for the damage caused by their disproportionately large contributions to climate change<\/p>\n<p><strong>Climate Denial<\/strong><br \/>\nRejection of the proposition that climate change caused by human activity is occurring or that it constitutes a significant threat to human welfare and civilization<\/p>\n<p><strong>Climate Emergency<\/strong><br \/>\nSerious and urgent problems that are being caused or likely to be caused by changes in the world\u2019s weather, in particular the world getting warmer as a result of human activity increasing the level of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere<\/p>\n<p><strong>Climate Justice<\/strong><br \/>\nThe idea that the rich countries of the world must take responsibility for climate change and the damage it causes, and help poorer countries and people because they have not caused most of the problem but are more affected<\/p>\n<p><strong>Computer Model<\/strong><br \/>\nA computer stimulation of the Earth\u2019s climate system, including the atmosphere, ocean, land and ice. They can be used to recreate the past climate or predict the future climate<\/p>\n<p><strong>Confirmation Bias<\/strong><br \/>\nThe tendency to search for, interpret, favour and recall information in a way that confirms or supports one\u2019s prior beliefs or values<\/p>\n<p><strong>Conservation<\/strong><br \/>\nProtection, preservation or restoration of the natural environment and wildlife<\/p>\n<p><strong>Consumption<\/strong><br \/>\nAn amount of something that is used, or the process of using something so there is less of it.<\/p>\n<p><strong>COP<\/strong><br \/>\nConference of Parties. COP26 was in Glasgow. COP27 in Egypt. World leaders gather together to review progress towards the goal of limiting climate change<\/p>\n<p><strong>Cycles<\/strong><br \/>\nSequence of events that repeat themselves<\/p>\n<p><strong>Deforestation<\/strong><br \/>\nThe cutting down of trees in a large area, or the destruction of forests by people<\/p>\n<p><strong>Ecosystems<\/strong><br \/>\nAll the plants, animals and people living in an area considered together with their environment as a system of relationships<\/p>\n<p><strong>Energy<\/strong><br \/>\nThe power from something such as electricity or oil that can do work such as providing light and heat<\/p>\n<p><strong>Environment<\/strong><br \/>\nThe air, water and land in or on which people, animals and plants live<\/p>\n<p><strong>Exponential Growth<\/strong><br \/>\nGrowth whose rate becomes ever more rapid in proportion to the growing total number or size<\/p>\n<p><strong>Extinction<\/strong><br \/>\nA situation in which something no longer exists<\/p>\n<p><strong>Fossil fuels<\/strong><br \/>\nFuels such as gas, coal and oil that were formed underground from plant and animal remains, millions of years ago<\/p>\n<p><strong>Geoengineering<\/strong><br \/>\nDeliberate large scale manipulation of an environmental process that affects the earth\u2019s climate, in an attempt to counteract the effects of global warming eg cloud farming<\/p>\n<p><strong>Global warming<\/strong><br \/>\nA gradual increase in world temperatures caused by gases such as carbon dioxide that are collecting in the air around the earth and stopping heat escaping into space<\/p>\n<p><strong>Greenhouse effect<\/strong><br \/>\nAn increase in the amount of carbon dioxide and other gases in the atmosphere that is believed to be the cause of gradual warming of the surface of the world<\/p>\n<p><strong>Greenhouse gas emissions<\/strong><br \/>\nGHG are gases in the earth\u2019s atmosphere that trap heat. Main GHG are carbon dioxide (79%), methane (11%), nitrous oxide (7%), fluorinated gases (3%)<\/p>\n<p><strong>Greenwashing<\/strong><br \/>\nBehaviour or activities including advertising and promotions which make people believe that a company is doing more to protect the environment than it really is<\/p>\n<p><strong>Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC)<\/strong><br \/>\nIntergovernmental body of the United Nations responsible for advancing knowledge on human-induce climate change and providing an objective review of scientific information and research<\/p>\n<p><strong>Intersectionality<\/strong><br \/>\nInterconnected nature of social categories eg race, class and gender, applied to an individual or group, creating overlapping and interdependent systems of disadvantage or discrimination<\/p>\n<p><strong>Just Transition<\/strong><br \/>\nSeeking to ensure that the substantial benefits of a green economy transition are shared widely, while also supporting those who stand to lose economically \u2013 be they countries, regions, industries, communities, workers or consumers<\/p>\n<p><strong>Net Zero<\/strong><br \/>\nThe amount of greenhouse gases the UK adds to the atmosphere is no longer more than what they take out. Brighton &amp; Hove City Council have pledged to be Net Zero by 2030. Other councils by 2050. Businesses and companies across every part of the economy need to start taking steps now to get close to zero emissions, including getting rid of fossil fuels and switching to clear technologies<\/p>\n<p><strong>Kyoto Agreement<\/strong><br \/>\nA legally binding, international agreement (1997) setting targets for industrialised countries to cut their GHG emissions<\/p>\n<p><strong>Mass extinction<\/strong><br \/>\nExtinction is a natural process and 98% of all organisms that have ever existed on our planet are now extinct. When a species goes extinct it\u2019s place is usually filled by another species. Mass extinctions are when species vanish much faster than they are replaced. The Cretaceous mass extinction event occurred 65 million years ago, killing 78% of all species.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Mitigation<\/strong><br \/>\nEfforts to reduce or prevent emission of greenhouse gases. Can be using new technologies and renewable energies, making equipment more energy efficient or changing management practices or consumer behaviour<\/p>\n<p><strong>Monoculture<\/strong><br \/>\nthe practice of growing only one crop or keeping only one type of animal on an area of farm land<\/p>\n<p><strong>Natural Solutions<\/strong><br \/>\nConservation, restoration and improved land management actions that increase carbon storage or avoid greenhouse gas emissions in landscapes and wetlands<\/p>\n<p><strong>Paris Agreement<\/strong><br \/>\nCOP21 in Paris in 2015 was the first time countries agreed to work together to limit global warming to well below 2 degrees and aim for 1.5 degrees. Countries committed to bring forward national plans setting out how much they would reduce their emissions, and this would be updated every 5 years<\/p>\n<p><strong>Peer Review<\/strong><br \/>\nEvaluation of work by one or more people with similar competencies and the producers of the work, functioning as a form of self-regulation within a field<\/p>\n<p><strong>Permaculture<\/strong><br \/>\nA system for growing crops, plants etc that cause little damage to the environment and so can continue for a long time<\/p>\n<p>12 Principles of Permaculture:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Observe and interact<\/li>\n<li>Catch and store energy<\/li>\n<li>Obtain a yield<\/li>\n<li>Apply self regulation and feedback<\/li>\n<li>Use and value renewables<\/li>\n<li>Produce no waste<\/li>\n<li>Design from patterns to details<\/li>\n<li>Integrate don\u2019t segregate<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Pollution<\/strong><br \/>\nDamage caused to water, air etc by harmful substances or waste<\/p>\n<p><strong>Positive Feedback Loops<\/strong><br \/>\nEg the Ice-Albedo positive feedback loop is where melting snow ex-poses more dark ground, which in turn absorbs heat and causes more snow to melt<\/p>\n<p><strong>Renewable Energy<\/strong><br \/>\nEnergy that is produced using the sun, wind, waves, tides or from crops, rather than using fuels such as oil and coal<\/p>\n<p><strong>Rewilding<\/strong><br \/>\nthe process of protecting an environment by returning it to its natural state, eg by bringing back wild animals that used to live there<\/p>\n<p><strong>Sustainability<\/strong><br \/>\nThe idea that goods and services should be produce in ways that do not use resources that cannot be replaced and that do not damage the environment<\/p>\n<p><strong>Systems<\/strong><br \/>\nA set of connected things or devices that operate together<\/p>\n<p><strong>Systems thinking<\/strong><br \/>\nProcess of understanding how things influence one another within a whole.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Tipping Points<\/strong><br \/>\nThe time at which a change or an effect cannot be stopped<\/p>\n<p><strong>Trophic Cascading<\/strong><br \/>\nPowerful indirect interactions that can control entire ecosystems. They occur when predators limit the density and \/ or behaviour of their prey and thereby enhance survival of the next lower trophic level<\/p>\n<p><strong>Waste<\/strong><br \/>\nAn unnecessary or wrong use of money, substance, time, energy, abilities<\/p>\n<p><strong>Weather<\/strong><br \/>\nthe conditions in the air above the earth such as wind, rain or temperature, especially at a particular time over a particular area<\/p>\n<p><strong>Wood Wide Web<\/strong><br \/>\nComplex underground web of roots, fungi and bacteria in a forest helping to connect trees and plants to one another<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Below is a brief glossary of terms linked to climate literacy and the conceptual development framework &nbsp; Adaptation The process in which a living thing changes slightly over time to be able to continue to exist in a particular environment. Climate change adaptation means altering our behavior, systems and sometimes ways of life to protect [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":44,"menu_order":40,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"page-school-info.php","meta":{"ngg_post_thumbnail":0,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-52","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/osow-suffolk.co.uk\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/52","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/osow-suffolk.co.uk\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/osow-suffolk.co.uk\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/osow-suffolk.co.uk\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/osow-suffolk.co.uk\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=52"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/osow-suffolk.co.uk\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/52\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":5800,"href":"https:\/\/osow-suffolk.co.uk\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/52\/revisions\/5800"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/osow-suffolk.co.uk\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/44"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/osow-suffolk.co.uk\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=52"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}